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Hydraulic valves are similar to switches on water pipes at home. What do you think
Water pipes should control the direction of water flow (such as directing water to the kitchen or bathroom)
Adjust the water pressure (don't let the water pipe burst)
To control the water volume (turn the faucet up and down)
Hydraulic valves do these tasks, but they handle hydraulic oil, not water.
What exactly does hydraulic valve handle?
Simply put, there are three things:
① As a traffic police officer: directing where hydraulic oil flows (just like traffic lights directing traffic)
② As a security guard: If the pressure is too high, just add oil (similar to the exhaust valve of a pressure cooker)
③ When the faucet: fast if you want, slow if you want (control the oil flow rate)
What are the common hydraulic valves?
(1) Direction of the pipe:
One way valve: It's a "one-way street" where oil can only go in one direction (like the small iron ball in a bicycle pump, air can only enter but not exit)
Directional valve: It's just a "fork in the road" where you want the oil to go (some can be manually operated, while others can be automatically changed by pressing a button)
(2) Pressure Control Valve - "Pressure Level"
Overflow Valve: Acts like a "Safety Valve". When the pressure is too high, it automatically releases the oil to protect the system.
Pressure reducing valve: Reduces the pressure of a certain oil circuit (for example, if the main circuit has high pressure, the branch circuit requires lower pressure).
Sequence valve: Controls the movement of hydraulic cylinders in a sequential manner (for example, ascending first and then descending).
(3) Flow control valve - "How fast is the oil flowing?"
Throttle valve: Manually adjust the speed of the oil flow (like adjusting a faucet).
Speed control valve: Automatically maintains a stable flow rate, and the speed remains unchanged even when the load changes.
3. How do hydraulic valves work?
Inside the valve, there is usually a movable "valve core". It can be made to move in different ways:
Manual: By hand (for example, the control lever of an excavator).
Electromagnetic: After being energized, the electromagnet attracts and moves the valve core (commonly used in automated equipment).
Hydraulic: The valve core is pushed by hydraulic pressure (commonly used in high-flow systems).
4. What will happen if the hydraulic valve breaks?
The valve core gets stuck: the oil circuit is blocked and the machine stops (possibly because the oil is too dirty).
Internal leakage: The valve does not close tightly, and the pressure cannot rise (the sealing ring is worn out).
Electromagnet burned out: Directional valve does not operate (check if voltage is stable).
Solution: Regularly change the hydraulic oil, keep the oil clean, and inspect the seals.
5. Where are hydraulic valves used?
Excavator: To control the movements of the boom and the bucket (direction control valve).
Injection molding machine: Adjust the injection speed (flow valve).
Car brakes: Hydraulic braking system (pressure valve).
Lift platform: Controls the lifting speed (throttle valve).
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